098 teaser: REGIONAL BUILDINGS by JoC

[Jurand of Cracow]

Neat table. Isn't number of building or building chains hardcoded though? Are you not worried about crash?

It's under control:

;=== INFO FOR THE NEXT GENERATIONS OF MODERS
;---- Buildings conditions and capabilities
;---- Recruitment of units
;---------------------------- CODING RECRUITMENT
;---------------------------- RECRUITMENT POOLS
;---------------------------- HISTORICAL DATES (for reference while coding)
;---- Descriptions of the rosters


;; CURRENTLY: 119 BUILDINGS, planned to be removed 19 (hardcoded limit: 128)


; HIDDEN RESOURCES


; 2 CORE BUILDINGS
;---- Core: city
;---- Core: castle


; 7 BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE
;---- Roads
;---- Agriculture (farms)
;---- Nomads (ex-grassland)
;---- Builders


; 4 POLICIES
;---- Landowners
;---- Local autonomy
;---- Tribute
;---- Justice (gallows)


; 13-3 MILITARY
;---- Barracks
;---- Castle Barracks
;------- Stables
;------- Ranges
;------- Military Academies
;------- Siege Works
;------- Artillery
;------- Armourers
;------- Towers


; 14-9 RELIGION
;---- Catholic
;---- Orthodox
;---- Muslim
;---- Pagan temples


; 8-2 PUBLIC ORDER
;------- City Hall (city)
;------- Taverns
;------- Sports (Bullring, Horse Races, Tourney)
;------- Art (Ikoner, Music, Artist)


; 4 POPULATION GROWTH
;---- Water supply
;---- Bread (city)
;---- Charity (city)
;---- Bimaristan (city)


; 8-1 ECONOMY
;---- Ports
;---- Sea trade
;---- River Ports
;---- Trade
;---- Money (city)
;---- Mines
;---- Mills


; 6-2 EDUCATION
;---- School / Library
;---- Alchemist
;---- Admiralty
;---- Paper


; 16-1 REGIONAL BUILDINGS
;---- Military Orders
;---- Slavemarket
;---- Caravan
;---- Oasis
;---- Ksar
;---- Alcazar
;---- Holy Place
;---- Turbe
;---- Italian Traders
;---- Palazzo
;---- South Italy
;---- Hansa Teutonica
;---- Stavkirke
;---- Kaiserpfalz
;---- Var
;---- Chude
;---- Rus Monastery


; 22 WONDERS
;---- Constantinople
;---- Jerusalem - Holy Sepulchre
;---- Mecca - Kaaba
;---- Cordoba - La Mesquita
;---- Compostela - Santiago de Compostela
;---- Rome - Castel Sant Angelo
;---- Venice
;---- Pisa - Campo dei Miracoli
;---- Rouen - Mont Saint Michel
;---- Paris - Notre Dame
;---- Speyer - Kaiserdom
;---- Wien - Stephansdom
;---- Edinburg - The Rock
;---- London - The Tower
;---- Krakow - Marienkirche
;---- Poznan - St. Adalbertus
;---- Gdansk - The Great Crane
;---- Sigtuna - Uppsala Domkyrka
;---- Ras - Petrova Crkva
;---- Kiev - Zoloti Vorota
;---- Tbilisi - Narikala Fortress
;---- Kernave - Vilnius Castle


; 9 Guilds
;---- Theologians
;---- MASONS
;---- MERCHANTS
;---- EXPLORERS


; 3 OTHER
;---- Technical

[Majkl]

I will finish this (7th et 8th lvl) by Sunday as not to delay other parts of mod. Feel free to fix horrible grammar and stylization of sentences.

1st lvl – fundamentals
Ever since dawn of history, in times of imminent threat, people sought dense forests, seclude or elevated places that offered shelter and protection from any potential outside threat. Many of those places were later reinforced with earth walls and wooden palisade on top of them. When celtic and germanic people left Carpathians basin, these abandoned settlements were prone to erosion due to their wooden-earth construction.
When slavic people settled in Carpathian mountains and Danubain basin from 6th century onward, some of these places were rebuild again and even extended with new layers of walls. New hillforts (grad) were also built on places not inhabited before. Gradual increase of population resulted in extending older hillforts and building new. Depending on population density and its importance, many of those hillforts became permanently settled and later became important centers of administrative and military organization of early feudal states. During 10th and 11th century, when Magyars seized Carpathian basin, this process repeated itself. Some of hillforts were destroyed, while many remained alive and even prospered in first centuries of feudal Hungarian kingdom.

2nd lvl – wooden tower
The evolution of castle architecture in first centuries of existence of kingdom is obscured by lack of historical records. It is safe to say that many hillforts from preconquest period were preserved, rebuilt and became new centers of military and administrative organization – comitatus (hung. vármegye, slv. župa, španstvo). Castles such as Visegrád, Novihrad, Csongrád, Nitra, Bratislava, Pest, Zemplín and some others were built on places previously inhabited by Slavic people.
There were also many new fortifications built by arriving Magyars who were gradually establishing their control of Danubian basin all the way to the Carpathian ridge. Those early predecessors of castles were built in strategically important places – along trade routes, important corssroads, natural resources and in some cases borderlands.
Both, rebuilt slavic fortified settlements and early medieval castles built by Hungarians acquired new architectural expression. Core of these early „castles“ (or rather predecessor of castles) was made of wooden tower of quadratic or round shape. These towers were situated mostly on naturaly elevated places or in some cases artifical manmade earth mounds.
This early form of castle made of single tower and (sometimes) surrounded by walls was ideological successor of „motte“ castles that appeared in western Europe as early as 10th century. Generally, it is believed that this architecture was brought into central Europe from Italy through Pannonia and it found its place not only in defensive system but also urban architecture and manor houses of lesser nobles in countryside.
3rd lvl – stronghold
Most of castles in early (10 to 12th century) period in new kingdom were in hands of a king. The most important of them, which were to become seat of castle county, were further reinforced by defensive walls. In this period they were made of earth and timber frame, in rare cases fired clay (so called shard-castles). Occasionaly, if conditions demanded it, there might have been more than one layer of walls. Such was the case with castle Serednye (slavic Seredne), seat of a county with same name in northeastern part of Hungary, now part of Ukraine. Impressive 18 metres wide tower of quadratic ground plan was reinforced with two layers of rampart and ditch.

4th lvl – foritfied house
New type of castle has appeared in early 13th century. Contemporary archeologists call them castles with compact disposition. Compared to previous fortifications which were mostly composed of single tower and occasionally reinforced by ramparts, this compact style of castle was characterised by block disposition – two towers, two palaces, palace between two towers or similar floorplan. Such is the case of Medzianky castle (mag. Megyes) on the border of Šariš and Zemplín counties. It was built at the end of 12th century from initiative of a king and it was held by order of Knights Hospitallers. Indeed, castles of similar disposition are known from areas where knightly order experienced much more dynamic development, such as Podstreda and Hmeljnik castles in Slovenia or Swobnica and Pezino in polish Pomorian area. Another compact disposition similar to Medzianky castle was used in Kapušany (mag. Kapy) on top of older castle – Tubul. Castle of rectangular disposition is closed from two sides by donjons. Built on highest point of mountain range some 13km from Medzianky, both castles protect important trade route from Tisa region to Poland and Baltic area.

5th lvl – stone tower
During 13th century, important social changes took place in Kingdom of Hungary. Houses of great magnates that began to expand their land ownership at the expense of royal dominion reinforced their efforts to achieve political and military power in this period. Disputes in succesion of new kings created a favoruable situation that greatly benefited this process. Every future king tried to gain favour of most powerful nobles by donating more land into their possesion. This process reached its peak during reign of Andrew II. (1205 – 1235), who granted large parts of royal lands into the hands of great houses. Among land donated to them was that of many comitatuses, which resulted in decline of economical and military power of ruling dynasty and king himself. Along the lands granted to magnates, king lost considerable amount of his income. Many royal subjects, such as lesser nobles – castle iobagiones, people living on royal lands that belonged to castles as centers of comitatus, even craftsmen and peasants felt threatened by ever growing power of magnates. Together with unwise economical policy of royal house and unsuccesful military campaigns into Halych forced many king’s servients, iobagiones and people settled on royal lands (populus castri) to demand some form of security for themselves. The king Andrew II. issued so called Golden Bull in 1222. The interests of middle and lower nobility was mirrored in its content. Granting of entire castle comitatus was permitted, Bull protected proprietary rights of middle and lesser nobility, reaffirmed their old priviledges, and established rule according which servientes can be judged only by king himself or palatinus. Some of the regulations even protected simple peasants. Nevertheless, political and military power in country was divided. Many nobles sought to expand both their lands and their political and military power. In doing so they begun building their own seats of power. Stone towers were first step in later development into knightly and baronial castles.

6th lvl – knightly castle
Already in the first half of 13th century there is apparent division of royal holdings and slow transition of ownership into the hands of nobility. This process was accompanied by increasing wealth and subsequently political and military power of nobility. In an effort to hold on their power and not to become a victim of more powerful neighbour or raiding party, many nobles spent respectable amount of their wealth into building their own residence. In high medieval period it was usually small castle. Many new castles were built after Mongol invasion in Central Europe. King Belo IV. abandoned centralistic policies of his previous rule and allowed his loyal servants to build their own castles. Lesser nobles usually built small castle of simple disposition, such as a single defensive tower with ring of wall made of stone and mortar. Little more complex were castles with living tower used as a palace with smaller defensive tower on the oposite side. Area between two towers was often reinforced with walls which resulted in small enclosed yard, where other wooden buildings could be placed. It was also a place where most of daily tasks took place. However, this was only one of many different types of outlines along which there were many others.

7th lvl – baronial castle

8th lvl – royal castle

9th lvl – Visegrad
The original stronghold was built upon so called Sibrik’s hill right above the Danube river. In 4th century AD Romans built a fortress in shape of a triangle surrounded by outer circle of walls. Walls were protected by numerous towers and in the year 372 AD larger watch tower was built. Fortress was probably part of roman border fortifications – Limes romanus. The name of the stronghold according to Notitia Dignitatum was Pone Navata. Roman guards abandoned site in 5th century.

In 9th century AD Slavic people settled here. Upon Sibrick’s hill, new hillfort was built. It served as protection of river and land routes in Danube strait and nearby fords. However, its most important purpose was to be center of administrative and military organization, which were common during Great Moravia period. These territorial units most probably followed older tribal and supratribal organization, that had formed here during 8th and 9th centuries. In Great Moravia period they were reformed into hillfort disctricts – comitatus (španstvo). However, it remains unclear whetever Slavic people used older remains of Roman fortification itself or built their own hillfort from ground in close proximity.

Archeological reasearch by Hungarian archaeologists from 2013 uncovered base of preromanesque church, underneath which spurs from 8th century were found, remains of clay walls from 8th to 9th century. Outside of church wall, there were human remains, probably belonging to a priest. In their summary archaeologists wrote: „Undoubtedly slavic toponym (placename) recorded in historical records already in 1009 in combination with new results may serve as basis for determination of ethnicity of its inhabitants, who gave fortress its name. In light of findings, we may suppose continuous settlement of aboriginal Slavic population well into Arpád period.“

After birth of Hungarian kingdom in times of Stephen I. Visegrad remained important seat and center of comitatus. Oldest mention of the castle comes from charter of Stephen I from 1009 AD. Visegrad is one of those places of power and administration that lasted from Great Moravian period all the way to early centuries of Hungarian kingdom.

Remains of large stone building dated to beginning of 11th century and standing on ruins of older Roman buildings, were uncovered during archeological research. Building has respectable dimensions of 16,5 x 10 meters, divided into two rooms, one of which was heated by stone owen.

According to Hungarian historians Szőke Mátyás and György Györffy, king Andrew I. issued building of orthodox monastery in small valley beneath Sibrik’s hill even before he issued building of Tihány Abbey. Abbey was built for greek monks, who apparently came with his wife Anastasia of Kijev. The Abbey was taken over by Benedictines in 1220 and then much later, in 1490 it was relegated to Paulines. During Ottoman occupation, womewhere around 1560, it was destroyed.

Similarly to other district castles (centers of comitatus), that did not have advantageous geographic-economical situation position, Visegrad begun to stagnate. Župan’s (comes) did not care about castles themselves, they spent most of their time on their own lands or in close proximity of a king. Seats of comitatus slowly degraded to small trade centers (places) and neglected castles became easy prey for Mongols in 13th century. After they left the country, comitatus castle on Sibrik’s hill was not reconstructed, instead new „upper“ castle was built on top of hill (it stands till today) and „lower“ castle, so called Salamon’s tower was built not far from older hillfort. This new period of construction was result of Belo IV’s policy of defending the country after Mongol invasion in 1241. The original Visegrad was not reconstructed, due to construction of aforementioned modern upper and lower castles. Remains of older stronghold were used in construction of new castle(s).

In the year 1335, back then seat of Hungarian kings, venue of the meeting of Polish, Czech (Bohemian) and Hungarian kings. Its participants agreed, that they will closely cooperate in area of politics and trade. An act that inspired later presidents of Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary to create so called Visegrad’s group in 1991 AD.

Upper and lower castles were later connected by defensive walls which resulted in creation of mighty fortress upon Danube. Charles I. of Anjous’s son Luis and later Sigismund of Luxembourg issued reconstruction and further expansion of castle. However, Sigismund moved royal court to Buda in 1405 to 1408. Matthias I. Corvinus used Visegrad as his summer residence. In 1493 he issued building of new palace, which was built in 1476 – 1484 in late gothic style with details decorated by Italian renaissance artist, which is considered as first sign of penetration of renaissance art into Central Europe (or rather Hungarian kingdom). This palace is still standing and is open to public. After the death of Matthias I. Corvinus Visegrad experience slow decline. Its importance was further undermined after defeat at Mohi in 1526. In the year 1543 garrison of the castle surrendered to superior Ottoman forces. Later, in the year 1686 it was blown up by Ottoman’s army and finally, castle was destryoed during series of insurrections in 1703 to 1704.

[Jurand of Cracow]

run it on Grammarly!

[Majkl]

Never tried that. But I will, once I finish it.