There are few Mods
Darthmod: The most number of features. The game- play can be a little arcade, however there are submods to add more realism.
Colonialism 1600: This mode fits the 17th Century that you are interested in.
A Proper Empire: Terra Incgonita: This adds manpower and supply to the game. It also adds resistance to foreign occupation adding to he difficulty and "realism" to game making it difficult to "steamroll" your way across the world.
Historical based mods:Imperial Splendour (Imperial Splendour also developed a late era mod called, Rise of Republic), and Imperial Destroyer which add different and unique features not included in other mods.
Another option is to download the Additional Unit Mod and add features al la carts. If you look around you may find other unit packs. However be careful about conflicts. Another possibility if you are interested in the Ottoman is the Ottoman Total Overhaul Mod which does more than just change the Ottoman, it changes game play features as well.